TGS technologies operate by observing the synthesis or movement of nucleic acids in real-time. For example, SMRT sequencing monitors the incorporation of nucleotides into a growing DNA strand using fluorescent tags, while nanopore sequencing detects changes in electrical conductivity as nucleic acids pass through a nanopore. These methods allow for the sequencing of long reads, which can span thousands of base pairs, providing a more complete picture of the genome.
